Abubuwan Farko na Modules na Photovoltaic da Raw Materials

1. Kwayoyin Silicon a cikin samfurori na photovoltaic

Silicon cell substrate abu ne P-type monocrystalline silicon ko polysilicon, shi ta hanyar musamman yankan kayan aiki monocrystalline silicon ko polysilicon silicon sanda yanke a cikin wani kauri na game da 180μm silicon, sa'an nan ta hanyar jerin aiki matakai don samar.

a. Kwayoyin siliki sune manyan kayan a cikin abubuwan baturi, ƙwararrun ƙwayoyin silicon yakamata su sami halaye masu zuwa

1.It yana da tsayayye da ingantaccen ingantaccen canji na photoelectric da babban abin dogaro.

2.An yi amfani da fasahar watsawa na ci gaba don tabbatar da daidaituwar haɓakar juzu'i a cikin fim ɗin.

3.The ci-gaba PECVD film forming fasahar da ake amfani da su gashi surface na baturi tare da duhu blue silicon nitride anti-tunani fim, sabõda haka, launi ne uniform da kyau.

4.Yi amfani da madaidaicin azurfa da azurfa aluminum karfe manna don yin baya filin da ƙofar layin lantarki don tabbatar da ingancin wutar lantarki mai kyau, abin dogara da mannewa mai kyau da walƙiya mai kyau na lantarki.

5.High daidaitaccen allo bugu graphics da high flatness, yin baturi sauki zuwa atomatik waldi da Laser sabon.

b. Bambanci tsakanin silicon monocrystalline da polycrystalline silicon sel

Saboda bambanci a farkon tsarin samar da ƙwayoyin silicon monocrystalline da ƙwayoyin silicon polycrystalline, suna da wasu bambance-bambance daga bayyanar zuwa aikin lantarki. Daga ra'ayi na bayyanar, kusurwoyi huɗu na kwayar siliki na monocrystalline sun ɓace sasanninta, kuma babu wani tsari a saman; Kusurwoyi huɗu na tantanin siliki na polycrystalline sune murabba'ai, kuma saman yana da tsari mai kama da furannin kankara. Launin fuskar siliki monocrystalline gabaɗaya baki shuɗi ne, kuma launin saman tantanin siliki na polycrystalline gabaɗaya shuɗi ne.

2. Gilashin panel

Gilashin panel da aka yi amfani da shiphotovoltaic module low baƙin ƙarfe matsananci-fari fata ko santsi tempered gilashin. Gabaɗaya kauri shine 3.2mm da 4mm, kuma gilashin zafin kauri na 5 ~ 10mm wani lokacin ana amfani dashi don abubuwan ginin kayan batir. Ba tare da la'akari da kauri ba, ana buƙatar watsawa don zama sama da 91%, kewayon kewayon martani na kallon shine 320 ~ 1100nm, kuma hasken infrared wanda ya fi 1200nm yana da babban haske.

Low iron super white yana nufin cewa baƙin ƙarfe na wannan gilashin ya yi ƙasa da na gilashin talakawa, kuma baƙin ƙarfe (iron oxide) bai wuce 150ppm ba, don haka ƙara hasken gilashin. A lokaci guda kuma, daga gefen gilashin, wannan gilashin ya fi fari fiye da gilashin yau da kullum, wanda yake da kore daga gefen.

3. Fim din EVA

EVA fim ne mai copolymer na ethylene da vinyl acetate man shafawa, shi ne wani thermosetting film zafi narke m, ba m a dakin da zazzabi, bayan wasu yanayi na zafi latsa zai faru narke bonding da crosslinking curing, zama gaba daya m, shi ne halin yanzu.hasken rana module marufi a cikin amfani na kowa na kayan haɗin gwiwa. Ana ƙara nau'i biyu na fim ɗin EVA zuwa taron ƙungiyar hasken rana, kuma nau'ikan fim ɗin EVA guda biyu suna sandwiczed tsakanin gilashin panel, takardar baturi da fim ɗin baya na TPT don haɗa gilashin, takardar baturi da TPT tare. Yana iya inganta watsa hasken gilashin bayan haɗin gwiwa tare da gilashin, yana taka rawa a cikin anti-reflection, kuma yana da tasiri a kan ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baturi.

4. Kayan aikin baya

Dangane da buƙatun abubuwan baturi, ana iya zaɓar kayan aikin baya ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Gabaɗaya suna da gilashin zafin jiki, plexiglass, gami da aluminum, fim ɗin haɗin TPT da sauransu. An fi amfani da jirgin baya na gilashin zafi don samar da kayan aikin gine-gine na gaskiya guda biyu nau'in nau'in baturi, don bangon labule na hoto, rufin hoto, da dai sauransu, farashin yana da girma, nauyin bangaren kuma yana da girma. Bugu da ƙari, mafi yawan amfani da shi shine TPT mai hade da membrane. Yawancin farar rufin da aka fi gani a bayan abubuwan baturi irin waɗannan fina-finai ne. Dangane da buƙatun amfani da ɓangaren baturi, ana iya zaɓar membrane na baya ta hanyoyi daban-daban. An raba membrane na baya zuwa kashi biyu: jirgin baya mai dauke da fluorine da kuma jirgin baya mai dauke da sinadarin fluorine. Jirgin baya mai dauke da fluorine ya kasu kashi biyu mai dauke da sinadarin fluorine (kamar TPT, KPK, da dai sauransu) da gefe daya mai dauke da fluorine (kamar TPE, KPE, da sauransu); Jirgin baya mara fluorine ana yin shi ta hanyar haɗa yadudduka na mannen PET. A halin yanzu, ana buƙatar rayuwar sabis na ƙirar baturi don zama shekaru 25, kuma jirgin baya, azaman kayan tattarawa na hotovoltaic kai tsaye a cikin hulɗa da yanayin waje, yakamata ya sami kyakkyawan juriya na dogon lokaci (rigar zafi, bushe bushe, ultraviolet). ), juriya na rufin lantarki, shingen tururin ruwa da sauran kaddarorin. Sabili da haka, idan fim ɗin baya ba zai iya saduwa da gwajin muhalli na ɓangaren baturi na tsawon shekaru 25 dangane da juriya na tsufa, juriya na rufi, da juriya na danshi, zai haifar da tabbaci, kwanciyar hankali da karko na kwayar hasken rana ba zai iya zama ba. garanti. Yi baturi module a cikin talakawa sauyin yanayi na 8 zuwa shekaru 10 ko a cikin yanayi na musamman muhalli (fila, tsibirin, wetland) karkashin yin amfani da 5 zuwa 8 shekaru zai bayyana delamination, fatattaka, kumfa, yellowing da sauran mummuna yanayi, sakamakon. a cikin tsarin baturi yana faɗuwa, zamewar baturi, rage ƙarfin fitarwa mai tasiri da sauran abubuwan mamaki; Abin da ya fi haɗari shi ne, ɓangaren baturi zai yi ƙiba a cikin yanayin ƙarancin wuta da ƙimar halin yanzu, yana haifar da ɓangaren baturin ƙonewa da haɓaka wuta, yana haifar da lalacewar lafiyar ma'aikata da lalacewar dukiya.

5. Firam ɗin aluminum

The frame abu nabaturi module shi ne yafi aluminum gami, amma kuma bakin karfe da kuma karfafa filastik. Babban ayyuka na firam ɗin shigarwa na ɓangaren baturi sune: na farko, don kare gefen gilashin ɓangaren bayan lamination; Na biyu shine haɗuwa da gefen silicone don ƙarfafa aikin hatimi na ɓangaren; Na uku shine don haɓaka ƙarfin injina na ƙirar baturi; Na hudu shi ne saukaka sufuri da shigar da kayan aikin baturi. Ko an shigar da tsarin baturi daban ko ya ƙunshi tsararrun hoto, dole ne a gyara shi tare da madaidaicin ƙirar baturi ta cikin firam. Gabaɗaya, ana haƙa ramuka a cikin sashin da ya dace na firam ɗin, sannan kuma ana hako madaidaicin sashin tallafin, sannan ana daidaita haɗin ta hanyar kusoshi, kuma an gyara ɓangaren ta hanyar matsi na musamman.

6. Akwatin haɗin gwiwa

Akwatin junction wani bangare ne da ke haɗa layin fitarwa na ciki na ɓangaren baturi zuwa layin waje. Tabbatattun sanduna mara kyau da mara kyau (sanduna masu faɗin haɗin kai) waɗanda aka zana daga panel suna shigar da akwatin junction, toshe ko siyar zuwa matsayin daidai a cikin akwatin junction, kuma ana haɗa jagororin waje tare da akwatin junction ta hanyar toshe, walda da dunƙule crimping. Hakanan ana samar da akwatin mahaɗa tare da wurin shigarwa na diode na kewayawa ko kuma an shigar da diode ta hanyar kai tsaye don samar da kariya ta hanyar wucewa ga abubuwan baturi. Baya ga ayyukan da ke sama, akwatin junction ɗin ya kamata kuma ya rage yawan amfaninsa na ƙarfin fitarwa na ɓangaren baturi, rage tasirin dumama nasa akan ingancin juzu'in ɓangaren baturi, da haɓaka aminci da amincin baturi. bangaren.

7. Mashigin haɗin kai

Mashigin haɗin haɗin kai kuma ana kiransa tsiri mai rufaffen jan ƙarfe, tsiri mai rufaffiyar kwano, kuma mafi faɗin mashigin haɗin kai kuma ana kiransa mashaya bas. Guda ce ta musamman don haɗa baturin zuwa baturi a cikin taron baturi. Yana dogara ne akan tsantsa tsantsa na tagulla, kuma saman tagullar tagulla an lulluɓe shi da wani Layer na solder. Copper tsiri ne wani jan karfe abun ciki na 99.99% oxygen free jan karfe ko jan karfe, solder shafi aka gyara an raba zuwa gubar solder da gubar-free solder biyu, solder guda-gefe shafi kauri na 0.01 ~ 0.05mm, narkewa batu na 160 ~ 230 ℃, bukatar uniform shafi, surface mai haske, santsi. Bayani dalla-dalla na mashaya haɗin haɗin gwiwa sun fi nau'ikan 20 bisa ga faɗin su da kauri, faɗin na iya zama daga 0.08mm zuwa 30mm, kauri kuma na iya zama daga 0.04mm zuwa 0.8mm.

8. Organic silica gel

Silicone rubber wani nau'i ne na kayan rufewa tare da tsari na musamman, tare da kyakkyawan juriya na tsufa, tsayi da ƙananan zafin jiki, juriya na ultraviolet, anti-oxidation, anti-impact, anti-fouling da waterproof, babban rufi; An yafi amfani da sealing frame na baturi aka gyara, bonding da sealing na junction kwalaye da baturi aka gyara, zuba da potting na junction kwalaye, da dai sauransu Bayan curing, da Organic silicone zai samar da wani high-ƙarfi na roba jiki roba, wanda yana da ikon nakasa a ƙarƙashin aikin ƙarfin waje, kuma ya dawo zuwa siffar asali bayan an cire shi ta hanyar ƙarfin waje. Saboda haka, daPV modulean rufe shi da silicone na halitta, wanda zai sami ayyukan rufewa, buffering da kariya.