Iterambere rya Photovoltaque risaba udushya twa PV yo gusaba

Inganda zifotora zifite imizi mu kinyejana cya 20 rwagati, igihe ingirabuzimafatizo z'izuba zakozwe bwa mbere. Nyuma yimyaka mirongo yiterambere, tekinoroji ya Photovoltaque yateye intambwe nini, kuva mugitangiramonocrystalline silicon selileKuripolycrystalline silicon, inanutsefirime izuba nibindi bicuruzwa bitandukanye. Muri icyo gihe, imikorere ya moderi ya Photovoltaque nayo ihora itera imbere, bigatuma ingufu z'amashanyarazi zikoresha amashanyarazi zigabanuka gahoro gahoro, zikaba imwe mu masoko y’ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa.

Ariko, hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryinganda zifotora, nazo zihura nibibazo nibibazo. Imwe murimwe ni imiterere mike yubutunzi bwubutaka. Amashanyarazi manini manini y’amashanyarazi akeneye gufata ubutaka bwinshi, nikibazo kitoroshye kwirengagiza aho umutungo wubutaka uba muke. Tugomba rero gushakisha uburyo bushya bwo gukoresha amafoto yerekana amashanyarazi kugirango dukoreshe neza umutungo wubutaka.

Uburyo bushya bwa Photovoltaque ya porogaramu niyo yatanzwesisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi . Sisitemu yatanzwe yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi azashyiraho modul ya foto yumuriro hejuru yinzu, kurukuta nizindi nyubako, ihindure ingufu zizuba mumashanyarazi, kandi igere kubinyubako. Iyi moderi ifite ibyiza bikurikira: Icya mbere, irashobora gukoresha neza ubuso bwinyubako no kugabanya imirimo yubutaka; Icya kabiri, irashobora kugabanya igihombo cyogukwirakwiza amashanyarazi kandi ikanoza imikorere yo gukoresha ingufu. Hanyuma, irashobora gutanga amashanyarazi asukuye, ashobora kongerwa kandi bikagabanya gushingira kumavuta gakondo.

Usibye gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi, ubundi buryo bushya bwo gukoresha amafoto yerekana amashanyarazi areremba amashanyarazi. Sisitemu ireremba ya fotokoltaque yububikoModule hejuru y’amazi kandi ashyizwe hejuru yumubiri wamazi unyuze kumurongo ureremba. Iyi moderi ifite ibyiza bikurikira: Icya mbere, ubuso bwamazi burashobora gukoreshwa kugirango bigabanye umurimo wubutaka; Icya kabiri, ingaruka zo gukonjesha hejuru y’amazi zirashobora kunoza imikorere ya moderi yifotora no kongera ingufu; Hanyuma, irashobora gutanga amashanyarazi asukuye, ashobora kongerwa kandi bikagabanya gushingira kumavuta gakondo.

Mubyongeyeho, hari nubundi buryo bushya bwa porogaramu ya PV ikwiye kuvugwa. Kurugero, icyitegererezo cyubuhinzi bwa Photovoltaque gihuza moderi ya PV n’umusaruro w’ubuhinzi, ushobora kubyara amashanyarazi no guhinga imyaka, ukagera ku nyungu ebyiri. Byongeye kandi, sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za Photovoltaque ihuza amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga ryo kubika ingufu, zishobora gutanga amashanyarazi ahamye mu gihe ingufu z’izuba zidahagije. Kugaragara kwubu buryo bushya bwo gukoresha butanga ibitekerezo bishya hamwe nicyerekezo cyiterambere rirambye ryinganda zifotora.

Muri gahunda yo guteza imbere uburyo bushya bwo gukoresha amafoto yerekana amashusho, inkunga ya leta nubuyobozi bwa politiki ni ngombwa. Guverinoma irashobora gushishikariza no gushyigikira iterambere ry’inganda zifotora mu gushyiraho politiki n’amabwiriza bijyanye, gutanga inkunga y’imari no gutanga imisoro n’izindi ngamba zo gukurura ishoramari n’ikoranabuhanga byinshi muri urwo rwego. Muri icyo gihe, guverinoma irashobora kandi gushimangira ubushakashatsi mu bya siyansi no guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo iteze imbere ikoranabuhanga ry’amafoto y’amashanyarazi no kwagura porogaramu.

Iterambere ryinganda zifotora ntirishobora gutandukanywa nubufatanye bwisi yose hamwe nimbaraga zihuriweho. Ibihugu bigomba gushimangira ubufatanye, gusangira ubunararibonye n’ikoranabuhanga, kandi bigateza imbere iterambere rishya ry’inganda zifotora. Gusa binyuze mubufatanye bwisi yose dushobora kurushaho gukemura ibibazo byingufu nibidukikije no kugera kuntego zirambye ziterambere.